巴西专利BR112017003753B1 WELL SYSTEM AND METHOD

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专利摘要:
well system and method. an exemplary well system includes a base tube having an interior and defining one or more flow ports, the base tube being positioned within a well adjacent to an underground formation. a flow path for a fluid extends between the interior of the base tube, through one or more flow ports, and to an exterior of the base tube. a transverse turbine is positioned in the flow path, the transverse turbine including a rotor and a plurality of blades positioned to receive a fluid flow perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the rotor. a generator includes one or more rotating magnets with transverse turbine rotation and one or more coil windings mounted on a stator. the fluid flow makes the transverse turbine rotate and the rotation of the transverse turbine generates electrical energy in the generator.
公开号:BR112017003753B1
申请号:R112017003753-0
申请日:2014-09-19
公开日:2022-01-18
发明作者:Thomas Jules Frosell；Michael Linley Fripp；Zachary Ryan Murphree；John Gano
申请人:Halliburton Energy Services, Inc；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

FUNDAMENTALS
[0001] The present disclosure relates to downhole power generation systems, and more particularly to downhole power generation systems that utilize turbines to produce electrical power.
[0002] Hydrocarbon recovery wells used to extract hydrocarbons from one or more production zones below the earth's surface often require downhole power in order to operate components such as actuators and pressure sensors and temperature in the well. Current systems that require downhole power include smart wells and permanent calibration facilities where actuators are used to operate the chokes and restrict fluid flow into the well at different levels for multi-zone production. In such systems, sensors are also often used to detect parameters in real time within the well. Such systems are often needed to control fluid pressure and flow from various production zones.
[0003] Electrical power is often supplied downhole through an umbilical cord that extends from a surface location to downhole tools. A typical umbilical cord includes a shielded connected electrical line that is used to provide power and data to sensors and actuators associated with downhole tools. In addition, wireless telemetry methods are useful for general communication or interfacing with such components and as a means to facilitate data transmission between the surface operator and downhole tools. Finally, cells and batteries can be used for short-term power applications.
[0004] While such downhole power systems are useful, they do not satisfy the long-term power needs of modern production operations. For example, the practical difficulties related to the installation and maintenance of umbilical power cables limit their long-term usefulness. Umbilical cable systems, for example, can interfere with and obstruct the well, production piping and other downhole structures, restricting the passage of instruments and other components into the well. The use of battery-powered wireless telemetry has been contemplated, but such systems often suffer from an inability to deliver useful levels of power or sustain power over long periods of time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
[0005] The following figures are included to illustrate certain aspects of the present disclosure and should not be viewed as exclusive arrangements. The disclosed subject matter is capable of considerable modifications, alterations, combinations and equivalents in form and function, without departing from the scope of this disclosure.
[0006] FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example well system that may employ the principles of the present disclosure.
[0007] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an example cross-flow turbine assembly.
[0008] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another example of a cross-flow turbine assembly.
[0009] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another example of a cross-flow turbine assembly.
[0010] FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an example power generation system 500, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0011] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an example of a transverse turbine that may be used in accordance with the present disclosure.
[0012] FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of an example set of sand control screens.
[0013] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another example of a sand control screen assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0014] The present disclosure relates to downhole power generation systems, and more particularly to downhole power generation systems that utilize turbines to produce electrical power.
[0015] The modalities described in this document provide a cross-flow turbine assembly configured to generate electrical power in a downhole environment and supply the generated electrical power to adjacent downhole tools, components or devices. Examples of downhole tools, components or devices that can benefit from the electrical energy generated include, but are not limited to, downhole sensors, telemetry devices, chokes and valves. In operation, the cross-flow turbine assembly can receive a flow of fluid that circulates through a flow path and convert the kinetic energy exhibited by the fluid flow into rotational energy that can be used to generate electrical energy in a generator. adjacent power. The flow path and/or fluid flow may result from production or injection operations performed in a downhole system.
[0016] The transverse flow turbine assembly receives the fluid flow transversely or perpendicularly to its axis of rotation. This can prove advantageous to facilitate alternative sealing options for downhole turbine generators that would not otherwise fit in specific downhole tool locations. For example, improved sealing options allow the cross-flow turbine assembly to be placed within the annular space of a screen assembly. The cross-flow turbine assembly can also provide greater power output at a given flow rate compared to axial-flow turbine assemblies. Increased power generation allows the generator to provide power for more applications such as wireless telemetry, valve or choke actuation and detection. In addition, the smaller size of the cross-flow turbine assembly reduces your total cost, which allows the cross-flow turbine assembly to be placed directly on the completion sets.
[0017] With reference to FIG. 1, there is illustrated a well system 100 that may employ one or more of the principles of the present invention, in accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown, the well system 100 includes well 102 that extends through various strata of the earth and has a substantially vertical section 104 that extends to a substantially horizontal section 106. The upper portion of the vertical section 104 may have a pipe string. casing 108 cemented therein, and horizontal section 106 may extend through an underground formation containing hydrocarbons 110. In at least one embodiment, horizontal section 106 may be disposed within or extending through an open-hole section of well 102 In other embodiments, however, the horizontal section 106 may also include the casing tube 108 positioned therein, without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
[0018] A casing pipe string 112 may be positioned within the well 102, extending from the surface (not shown). The casing pipe string 112 can be any pipe, pipe or fluid channel used in the oil and gas industry, including, but not limited to, drill pipe, production pipe, casing pipe, coiled pipe and any combination of the same. Piping column 112 provides a channel for fluids extracted from formation 110 to travel to the surface. In other embodiments, casing pipe string 112 may provide a channel for fluids to be transported downhole and injected into formation 110, as an injection operation.
[0019] At its lower end, the casing pipe column 112 may be coupled to a completion column 114 generally disposed within the horizontal section 106. In other embodiments, the completion columns and piping 112, 114 may be considered the same pipe. The completion column 114 divides the completion interval into several production intervals adjacent to the formation 110. As used herein, the term "completion interval" refers to the space within the well 102 where the completion column 114 is located and where various well operations are being performed using the well system 100, such as production or injection operations. As shown, completion column 114 may include a plurality of sand control screen assemblies 116 axially displaced from one another along portions of completion column 114. Each screen assembly 116 may be positioned between a pair of seals 118 which provides a fluid seal between completion column 114 and well 102, thereby defining corresponding production intervals. In operation, the screen assemblies 116 serve the primary function of filtering particulates out of the production fluid stream so that particulates and/or other fine particles are not produced at the surface.
[0020] It should be noted that even though FIG. 1 depicts the screen assemblies 116 as being disposed in an open hole portion of the well 102, modalities are contemplated in this document where one or more of the screen assemblies 116 are disposed within of lined portions of well 102. Furthermore, although FIG. 1 represents a single fabric set 116 disposed in each production interval, any number of fabric sets 116 may be deployed within a given production interval without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Furthermore, even though FIG. 1 represents several production intervals separated by seals 118, the completion interval may include any number of production intervals with a corresponding number of seals 118 used therein. In other embodiments, seals 118 may be omitted from the completion range entirely, without departing from the scope of disclosure.
[0021] While FIG. 1 depicts the screen assemblies 116 as being arranged in a generally horizontal section 106 of the well 102, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that the screen assemblies 116 are equally well suited for use in wells with other directional configurations, including vertical wells, offset wells. , inclined wells, multilateral wells, their combinations and so on. The use of directional terms such as up, down, ascending, descending, left, right, top of the well, bottom of the well and the like are used in connection with the illustrative embodiments as described in the figures, the ascending or top of the well direction being in the towards the surface of the well and the downward or downhole direction being towards the bottom of the well.
[0022] The Well System 100 can also be used to perform various well operations. In some embodiments, for example, the well system 100 may also be used to extract fluids 120 from the formation 110 and transport these fluids 120 to the surface through the pipe string 112. The fluids 120 can be a composition of fluid from the formation 112. surroundings 110 and may include one or more of the fluid components such as oil, water, gas, oil and water, oil and gas, gas and water, gas and oil, carbon dioxide, cement and the like. As illustrated, each set of screens 116 may include one or more well screens (not marked) disposed over the completion column 114 and may further include one or more flow control devices (not shown) used to regulate or limit the flow of fluids 120 in the completion column 114 and thus balance the flow between the production zones and prevent the formation of water or gas cones.
[0023] In other embodiments, the well system 100 may be used to inject fluids 122 into the surrounding underground formation 110, such as in hydraulic fracturing operations, steam-assisted gravity drainage (SAGD), well treatment operations, gravel sealing, acidification operations, any combination thereof and the like. Thus, the injected fluids 122 can be water, steam, gas, liquid or aqueous chemicals, a gravel slurry, acids, or any combination thereof.
[0024] In any of the production or injection operations, the system 100 may also require the use of various downhole tools, components or devices including, but not limited to, downhole sensors, telemetry devices, chokes and valves. Downhole sensors can be positioned throughout the completion range and used to measure various wellbore properties such as pressure, temperature, fluid flow properties and other properties of the formation and the flowing fluid. Telemetry devices can be communicatively coupled to downhole sensors and be able to communicate detected downhole parameters to a surface location. Examples of telemetry devices include, but are not limited to, pressure pulse, acoustic, and electromagnetic pulse telemetry devices. Chokes and valves may include actuatable flow regulating devices such as variable spools and valves and may be used to regulate the flow of fluids 120, 122 into and/or out of completion column 114. To achieve this, chokes and valves may require power to operate or move between open and closed positions. In some cases, telemetry devices may be communicatively coupled to the chokes and valves and configured to receive signals from a surface location and thus operate the chokes and valves based on these signals.
[0025] The downhole sensors, telemetry devices, chokes and valves described above and various other downhole tools or devices known to those skilled in the art require electrical power to operate. Given that a typical well operation, such as production operations, can take place over a period of several years, it is often necessary to provide such electrical power for long periods of time. In accordance with the present disclosure, electrical power can be generated downhole using a cross-flow turbine assembly and the electrical power generated can be consumed by "loads" associated with the downhole system 100, such as downhole sensors. well, telemetry devices, chokes and valves. As described above, the cross-flow turbine assembly can be configured to receive a flow of fluid that circulates through a flow path and converts the kinetic energy exhibited by the fluid flow into rotational energy that can be used to generate electrical energy. on an adjacent generator. The flow path and/or fluid flow may result from production or injection operations performed within the well system 100, thus providing a driving force to provide power to the electronics for the life of the well.
[0026] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an example cross-flow turbine assembly 200 that may be used in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. The cross-flow turbine assembly 200 can be configured to receive a flow of fluid 202 from a flow path 204 and convert the kinetic energy and potential energy of the fluid 202 into rotational energy that generates electrical power. The fluid 202 can be any of the fluids 120, 122 described above with reference to FIG. 1. Further, as used herein, the term "flow path" refers to a route through which a fluid 202 is capable of being transported between at least two points. In some cases, the flow path 204 need not be continuous or contiguous between the two points. Examples of flow paths 204 include, but are not limited to, a flowline, a channel, a pipeline, production piping, drill string, working string, casing tubes, well, an annular space defined between a well and any tubular disposed within the well, an annular space defined between a sand screen and a base tube, any combination thereof and the like. In FIG. 2 , flow path 204 can be any fluid path that supplies fluid 202 to cross-flow turbine assembly 200 for power generation.
[0027] The transverse flow turbine assembly 200 may include a transverse turbine 206 that has a plurality of blades 208 disposed therein and configured to receive the fluid 202. As the fluid 202 impinges on the blades 208, the transverse turbine 206 is urged to rotate about an axis of rotation 210. Unlike conventional well power generating turbines, which require axial fluid flow and fluid flow that is parallel to the axis of rotation of the turbine, the fluid 202 in the transverse flow turbine 200 is perpendicular to axis of rotation 210 of transverse turbine 206. As a result, more power is generated at a given flow rate relative to axial flow turbine sets. The transverse flow turbine assembly 200 can be configured to provide more torque than an axial flow turbine and is thus more tolerant of debris as well as being more suitable for a flow condition that is characterized by higher pressure drops and flow rates. lower flow.
[0028] In some embodiments, prior to collision with blades 208 of transverse turbine 206, fluid 202 may pass through a nozzle 212 fluidly coupled to flow path 204 and disposed within flow path 204 upstream of the flow path 204. transverse turbine 206. Nozzle 212 may be used to increase the kinetic energy of fluid 202, which results in an increase in power output from transverse flow turbine assembly 200. Transverse turbine 206 may receive fluid 202 transversely. (i.e. side-by-side) to the blades 208 and fluid 202 can flow through the transverse turbine 206, as indicated by the dashed arrow A. As the fluid 202 flows through the transverse turbine 206, the blades 208 are urged to rotate the transverse turbine 206 about the axis of rotation 210 and thereby generate electricity in an associated power generator (not shown).
[0029] The transverse turbine 206 of FIG. 2 is depicted as a cross-flow turbine, but as discussed below, the cross-flow turbine 206 can be any other type of turbine that receives a fluid flow perpendicular to its axis of rotation.
[0030] FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another example cross-flow turbine assembly 300 that may be used in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. The transverse turbine assembly 300 includes a transverse turbine 302 operatively coupled to a power generator 304. The transverse turbine 302 of FIG. 3 is shown as a wheel-type water turbine. The transverse turbine 302 may include a plurality of blades 306 disposed therebetween and configured to receive a flow of fluid 308 from a flow path 310 and convert the kinetic energy of the fluid 308 into rotational energy that generates electrical energy. Similar to the fluid 202 of FIG. 2 , the fluid 308 can be any of the fluids 120, 122 described above with reference to FIG. 1. The flow path 310 may include or be fluidly coupled to a nozzle 312 which increases the kinetic energy of the fluid 308 prior to collision with the blades 306 of the transverse turbine 302, thereby increasing the power output from the flow turbine. cross 300.
[0031] The transverse turbine 302 may be operatively coupled to a rotor 314 which rotates about an axis of rotation 316. The rotor 314 may extend into the generator 304 and may include a plurality of magnets 318 disposed therein or positioned to rotation with the same. Generator 304 may further include a stator 320 and one or more magnetic pickups or coil windings 322 positioned over stator 320. One or more electrical conductors 324 may extend from coil windings 322 to a power conditioning unit. 326, which may include a power storage device 328 and a rectifier circuit 330, which operate to store and supply a source of continuous power for use by a load, such as a downhole tool, component, or device. Alternatively, conductors 324 may extend directly to one or more loads to provide electrical power directly thereto.
[0032] In the illustrated embodiment, generator 304 is placed in fluid 308 and exposed to fluid 308. Coil windings 322 and conductors 324 may be encapsulated or sealed with a magnetically permeable material such as a polymer, metal, ceramic, elastomer. or an epoxy, to protect the coil windings 322 and conductors 324 from potential fluid contamination, which could lead to corrosion or degradation of these components. As will be appreciated, placing the generator 304 in the fluid 308 eliminates the need for a dynamic seal around the rotor 314, which can eventually wear out, or the need for magnetic couplers, which can lead to durability issues during operation. extension of the 304 generator. In other embodiments, however, a dynamic seal may be employed, without departing the scope of disclosure.
[0033] In an example operation, the transverse turbine 302 may receive fluid 308 transversely (i.e. side by side) of the blades 306 and the fluid 308 may flow through the transverse turbine 302. As the fluid 308 impinges on the blades 306, transverse turbine 302 is urged to rotate about axis of rotation 316 by correspondingly rotating magnets 318 as positioned on rotor 314. Coil windings 322 may be configured to convert rotational motion of rotor 314 into electrical energy. in the form of current 332. More particularly, a magnetic field is generated by the rotating action of rotor 314, which induces current 332 in the windings of coil 322. In some embodiments, a magnetic torque coupler (not shown) may be employed between the blades 306 and magnets 318 of the transverse turbine 302 and the coil windings 322 of the generator 304. Current 322 then travels through conductors 324 which extend to the power conditioning unit. 326 for storage and rectification. The power conditioning unit 326 can store and supply a constant power source for consumption by a load, such as a downhole sensor, a telemetry device, a trowel, a digital processing circuit and/or valve associated with the well system 100 of FIG. 1. Many forms of suitable energy storage devices 328 are envisioned, including batteries, a capacitive bank, or fuel cells, as examples.
[0034] As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, there are various types of generators 304 that may be suitable for the embodiments described herein. In some embodiments, for example, generator 304 may comprise a permanent magnet alternating current (AC) generator that utilizes pairs of magnets 318 with alternating poles that rotate relative to coil windings 322 to generate an AC signal. There are several generator topologies that can be used depending on the sealing limitations of the application and different topologies may vary the configuration of the stator 320, coil windings 322 and permanent magnets 318 depending on available space and manufacturing limitations. Examples of topologies include, but are not limited to, transverse flow, radial flow, and axial flow configurations.
[0035] In other embodiments, the generator 304 may comprise a direct current (DC) generator, such as a dynamo. In such embodiments, generator 304 may utilize mechanical switching to generate DC power. The magnetic field can be generated through permanent magnets or field coils, which can be self-excited or externally excited. In still other embodiments, generator 304 may comprise an alternator, which may be similar to a permanent magnet AC generator, but requires an excitation voltage for coil windings 322 in place of permanent magnets 318. In addition, generator 304 it can be a brushless generator or a brushed generator, without departing from the scope of disclosure.
[0036] FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another example cross-flow turbine assembly 400 that may be used in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure. The cross-flow turbine assembly 400 may be similar in some respects to the cross-flow turbine assembly 300 of FIG. 3 and therefore will be better understood with reference thereto, where like numerals indicate like components or elements not described again. Similar to transverse turbine assembly 300, transverse turbine assembly 400 may include transverse turbine 302, generator 304 and blades 306 arranged around transverse turbine 302 and configured to receive fluid 308 from flow path 310 to converting kinetic energy of fluid 308 into rotational energy that generates electrical power in generator 304. Nozzle 312 may be positioned within flow path 310 to increase kinetic energy of fluid 308 before impinging blades 306 of transverse turbine 302 .
[0037] Unlike the transverse turbine assembly 300 of FIG. 3, however, the transverse turbine 302 of the transverse turbine assembly 400 may be characterized as a Pelton wheel or a Turgo turbine. Also, unlike the transverse turbine assembly 300, the generator 304 of the transverse turbine assembly 400 can generally be positioned within the transverse turbine 302, which reduces the axial height of the transverse turbine assembly 400. More specifically, as illustrated, the transverse turbine 302 may be coupled to the rotor 314 to rotate about the axis of rotation 316 and the plurality of magnets 318 may be arranged or positioned on the transverse turbine 302 for rotation therewith. Stator 320 may extend at least partially into a hub 402 defined by transverse turbine 302 and magnetic pickups or coil windings 322 may be positioned within hub 402 to interact with magnets 318. As will be appreciated, this This embodiment allows the generator 304 to have a very short axial length compared to the generator 304 of FIG. 3.
[0038] The operation of the transverse turbine assembly 400 may be substantially similar to the operation of the transverse turbine assembly 300 of FIG. 3 and therefore will not be described again. Current 332 generated by rotational motion of rotor 314 and the interaction of magnets 318 and coil windings 322 can be conveyed to power conditioning unit 326 for storage and rectification. Alternatively, current 332 may be supplied directly to one or more loads, such as a downhole sensor, a telemetry device, a digital processing circuit, a choke, and/or a valve associated with the downhole system 100 of FIG. 1. As with the transverse turbine assembly 300 of FIG. 3, generator 304 of transverse turbine assembly 400 can be placed in fluid 308 and can be exposed to fluid 308. Coil windings 322 and conductors 324 can be encapsulated or sealed with a magnetically permeable material to protect the coil windings. 322 and leads 324 from potential contamination or corrosion of the fluid.
[0039] FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of an example power generator 500, in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. Generator 500 may be the same or similar to generator 304 of FIGS. 3 and 4. As illustrated, current 502 can be generated by a source 504 coupled to a rectifier circuit 506. The source 504 can be the interaction of magnets 318 and coil windings 322, as described above in FIGS. 3 and 4. Rectifier circuit 506 provides an interface between a filter capacitor 508 and source 504 and can be used to rectify energy stored in power storage device 508. Although filter capacitor 508 is shown as a capacitor, other ways to store a charge can be used, such as a battery or a fuel cell. The filter capacitor 508 can be configured to smooth the waveform and the regulator 510 reduces the voltage using a DC/DC converter and is therefore able to supply a constant amount of power to a load 512. As mentioned above, the load 512 can be any of a variety of downhole tools, components or devices, such as, but not limited to, one or more downhole sensors, telemetry devices, digital processing circuits, chokes and valves used. in the well system 100 of FIG. 1.
[0040] FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another example transverse turbine 600 that may be used within the scope of the disclosure. As illustrated, the transverse turbine 600 may be a Turgo turbine, which is another type of transverse flow turbine. The transverse turbine 600 can replace any of the turbines 206, 304 described in this document, without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Indeed, any turbine type or configuration that is configured to receive fluid flow perpendicular to the turbine's axis of rotation may be suitable for use in any of the embodiments described herein. For example, in other modalities, a Francis or Jonval turbine can also be used, without leaving the scope of disclosure.
[0041] Referring now to FIG. 7, a cross-sectional view of an example sand control screen assembly 700 is illustrated, in accordance with one or more embodiments. Along with the other screen assemblies described in greater detail below, the sand control screen assembly 700 can replace one or more of the screen assemblies 116 described in FIG. 1 and may be used in the well system 100 depicted in this document. The sand control screen assembly 700 (hereinafter "the assembly 700") may include or be disposed around a base tube 702 that defines one or more openings or flow ports 704 configured to provide fluid communication between an interior 706 of the base tube 702 and surrounding underground formation 110. Base tube 702 may be similar or the same as completion column 114 or piping column 112 of FIG. 1.
[0042] The assembly 700 may further include a sand screen 708 that is attached or coupled to the outside of the base tube 702. In operation, the sand screens 708 may serve as a filter means designed to allow fluids 710 from the surrounding formation 110 flow therethrough, but substantially impede the influx of particulate matter of a predetermined size. In at least one embodiment, the fluids 710 may be similar to the fluids 120 described above with reference to FIG. 1.
[0043] As illustrated, the sand screen 708 may extend between an upper end ring 712a disposed around the base tube 702 at its well top end and an upper end ring 712b disposed over the base tube 702 at its top end. its bottom end. Upper end ring 712a and lower end ring 712b provide a mechanical interface between base tube 702 and opposite ends of sand screen 708. In one or more embodiments, however, lower end ring 712b may be omitted. of the assembly 700 and the sand screen 708 can be directly coupled to the base tube 702 and its downhole end. Each end ring 712a, b can be formed from a metal such as chrome 13, stainless steel 304L, stainless steel 316L, stainless steel 420, stainless steel 410, INCOLOY® 825, iron, brass, copper, bronze, tungsten, titanium, cobalt, nickel, their combinations or the like. Furthermore, each end ring 712a, b may be coupled or attached to the outer surface of the base tube 702 by being welded, brazed, threaded, combinations thereof or the like. In other embodiments, however, one or more of the end rings 712a, b may be an integral part of the corresponding sand screen 708 and not a separate component thereof.
[0044] The sand screen 708 may be a fluid porous, particulate material restriction device of a plurality of layers of a wire mesh that are diffusion bonded or sintered together to form a porous wire to a wire mesh screen. fluid porous wire. In other embodiments, however, the sand screen 708 may have multiple layers of a braided wire rope material with a uniform pore structure and a controlled pore size that is determined based on the properties of the formation 110. For example, suitable woven woven mesh fabrics may include, but are not limited to, a plain Dutch weave, a twilled Dutch weave, a reverse Dutch weave, combinations thereof, or similar. In still other embodiments, the sand screen 708 may include a single layer of cable mesh, multiple layers of cable mesh that are not bonded together, a single layer of cable wrap, multiple layers of cable wrap, or the like. , which may or may not operate with a drainage layer. Those skilled in the art will readily recognize that several other mesh designs are equally suitable, without departing from the scope of the disclosure.
[0045] As illustrated, the sand screen 708 can be radially displaced a short distance from the base tube 702 so that a flow path 714 for the fluids 710 can be provided within the annular space defined between the sand screen 702. sand 708 and base tube 702. More specifically, flow path 714 may extend from underground formation 110, through sand screens 708, through flow ports 704 and into 706 of base tube 702. In other embodiments, flow path 714 may include any part of the aforementioned path.
[0046] The assembly 700 may further include a transverse flow turbine assembly 716 positioned within the flow path 714 and configured to receive a flow of fluid 710 transversely. In some embodiments, the transverse flow turbine assembly 716 may be positioned within a cavity 717 defined in the upper end ring 712a. Therefore, the upper end ring 712a may alternatively be characterized as a turbine housing housing the transverse flow turbine assembly 716. In other embodiments, the cavity 717 may be defined in a manner sub-operatively coupled to the upper end ring. 712a. The crossflow turbine assembly 716 may be similar to any of the crossflow turbine assemblies 200, 300, 400 described in this document and may therefore include a crossflow turbine 718 and a power generator 720. Accordingly, the turbine transverse 718 may be any of the transverse turbines described or mentioned herein or any other type of transverse turbine. Transverse turbine 718 may include a plurality of blades (unmarked) configured to receive fluid 710 from flow path 714 to convert kinetic energy of fluid 710 into rotational energy that generates electrical energy in generator 720. As illustrated, flow path 714 may include a nozzle 722 in fluid communication with cavity 717. Nozzle 714 may be configured to increase the kinetic energy of fluid 710 before fluid 710 impinges on transverse turbine blades 718. In some embodiments. , nozzle 722 may form part of upper end ring 712a. In other embodiments, however, nozzle 722 may be included in a separate sub coupled to upper end ring 712a.
[0047] In an example operation, fluid 710 may be drawn into flow path 714 from surrounding formation 110, through sand screen 708 and transmitted into nozzle 722. Nozzle 722 may eject fluid 710 into from cavity 717 to be received by transverse turbine 718. Transverse turbine 718 may receive fluid 710 transversely (i.e. side by side) to the blades and fluid 710 may subsequently flow through transverse turbine 718. As fluid 710 impinges on the blades, the transverse turbine 718 is urged to rotate about an axis of rotation 724 that is perpendicular to the flow of fluid 710. Rotation of the transverse turbine 718 may allow the generator 720 to generate a current that can be supplied to an adjacent power conditioning unit 726 for storage and rectification via one or more electrical conductors 727. The power conditioning unit 726 may be similar to or the same as the power conditioning unit 726. power conditioning 326 of FIGS. 3 and 4 and therefore may include an energy storage device 728 and a rectifier circuit 730 used to store and supply a source of continuous power for use by a load (not shown), such as a downhole sensor, a telemetry device, digital processing circuit, choke and/or valve associated with assembly 700. After passing out of cross-flow turbine assembly 716, fluid 710 may continue in flow path 714 until it enters interior 706 of the base tube 702 through the flow ports 704.
[0048] As will be appreciated, while FIG. 7 depicts the fluid 710 flowing within the flow path 714 from the formation 110 into the interior 706 of the base tube 702 to generate electrical power using the transverse flow turbine assembly 716, the fluids may alternately flow in the opposite direction in the flow path 714 and generate electricity as well. More particularly, in an injection operation, a fluid (e.g., fluid 122 of FIG. 1) may be conveyed into assembly 700 within 706 of base tube 702 and into flow path 714 of flow ports 704 From the flow ports 704, fluid can pass through the cross flow turbine assembly 716 and the sand screens 708 to be injected into the surrounding formation 110. As the fluids pass through the cross flow turbine assembly 716 , electricity can be generated in generator 720 as generally described above. In such embodiments, the position of the nozzle 722 within the flow path 714 can be moved so that it is located at the top of the well from the cross-flow turbine assembly 716 and is thus capable of increasing the kinetic energy of the injection fluids before collision with the transverse turbine 718.
[0049] In FIG. 7, the axis of rotation 724 of the transverse turbine 718 extends substantially in a radial direction with respect to the base tube 702. In other embodiments, however, the axis of rotation 724 may alternatively extend in an axial direction with respect to the base tube. 702, without departing from the scope of disclosure. In such embodiments, the flow path 714 may be rerouted so that the fluid 710 continues to impinge on the transverse turbine blades 718 transversely, being perpendicular to the axis of rotation 724.
[0050] FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another set of exemplary sand control screens 800, in accordance with one or more embodiments. The sand control screen assembly 800 (hereinafter "the 800 assembly") may be similar in some respects to the assembly 700 of FIG. 7 and therefore can be better understood with reference thereto, where like numbers represent like elements not described again in detail. Similar to assembly 700 of FIG. 7, assembly 800 may include base tube 702 having openings or flow ports 704 defined therein to provide fluid communication between the interior 706 of base tube 702 and the surrounding underground formation 110. Assembly 800 may further include the sand screen 708 attached or otherwise coupled to the outside of base tube 702 using one or both of upper and lower end rings 712a, b.
[0051] As illustrated, a tube output 802 may be disposed within the assembly 800. In some embodiments, the pipeline output 802 may be coupled to the distal end of the rope tube 112 of FIG. 1 and inserted or otherwise inserted into the interior 706 of the base tube 702 (e.g., the completion column 114 of FIG. 1). The production line 802 may define one or more production ports 804 that facilitate fluid communication between an interior 706 of the base tube 702 and an interior 806 of the production line 802, and thus bringing the formation 110 into communication with each other. fluid with the interior 806 of the production line 802. The production seals 808 may be arranged between the production line 802 and the base tube 702, thereby defining a production interval therebetween. As a result, base tube 702 can be radially inclined a short distance from production piping 802 to define a flow path 810 for fluids 710 to communicate with the interior 806 of production piping 802. Flow path 810 may extend from underground formation 110, through sand screens 708, through flow ports 704 and into 706 of base tube 702, through production ports 804 and into 806 of production pipeline 802 In other embodiments, the flow path 810 may include any portion or section of the fluid path mentioned above.
[0052] The cross-flow turbine assembly 716 may be positioned in the production pipeline 802 within the flow path 810 and configured to receive a flow of fluid 710 from the formation 110. The cross-flow turbine assembly 716 may be positioned within a cavity 812 defined in turbine housing 814 operatively coupled to production piping 802. Nozzle 722 may be positioned within flow path 810 and defined by or otherwise within turbine housing 814.
[0053] In an exemplary operation, fluid 710 may be drawn into flow path 810 from surrounding formation 110 and transmitted into nozzle 722 after passing through flow ports 704 of base tube 702. The seals outlets 808 prevent fluid 710 from migrating in any axial direction along the outside of production piping 802. Nozzle 722 may eject fluid 710 into transverse turbine 718 to be received transversely, (i.e., across ) of the blades (unmarked). As fluid 710 impinges on the blades, transverse turbine 718 is urged to rotate about axis of rotation 724 which is perpendicular to fluid flow 710 and thus generates electricity in generator 720. cross flow 716, fluid 710 may continue within flow path 810 until it enters the interior 806 of production pipeline 802 via production ports 804.
[0054] As will be appreciated, while FIG. 8 depicts fluid 710 flowing within flow path 810 from formation 110 into production pipeline 806 802 to generate electrical power using cross flow turbine assembly 716, fluids may alternatively flow in the opposite direction in flow path 810 and also generate electricity. More particularly, from an injection operation, fluids (i.e., fluid 122 of FIG. 1) may be conveyed to assembly 800 within 806 of production tube 802 and in flow path 810 from production ports 804 From the production ports 804, the fluid can pass through the transverse flow turbine assembly 716 and subsequently flow through the flow ports 704 and 708 the sand screens to be injected into the loop formation 110. fluids pass through cross-flow turbine assembly 716, electricity can be generated in generator 720 as generally described above. In such embodiments, the position of the nozzle 722 can be moved so that it is placed at the top of the well from the transverse flow turbine assembly 716 and is thus capable of increasing the kinetic energy of the injection fluids prior to collision with the transverse turbine. 718.
[0055] In some embodiments, electricity or energy generated by the embodiments described herein may be used to control a valve that controls a hydraulic circuit associated with a much larger valve. For example, the power generated by the transverse turbines and transverse flow turbine assemblies can be conveyed to a valve controlling hydraulic flow which operates a larger valve for the purpose of controlling flow to or from side wells.
[0056] The modalities disclosed here include:
[0057] A. A well system that includes a base tube that has an interior and that defines one or more flow ports, being positionable within a wellbore adjacent to an underground formation, a flow path for a fluid of the base tube, the flow path extending between the interior of the base tube, through the one or more flow ports and an exterior part of the base tube, a transverse turbine positioned in the flow path, the transverse turbine which includes a rotor and a plurality of blades positioned to receive a fluid flow perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the rotor and a generator, including one or more rotating magnets with transverse turbine rotation and one or more coil windings mounted on a stator , in which the fluid flow makes the transverse turbine rotate and the rotation of the transverse turbine generates electrical energy in the generator.
[0058] B. A method that includes positioning a base tube within a wellbore adjacent to an underground formation, the base tube providing an interior and defining one or more flow ports that facilitate fluid communication between the interior and exterior of the base tube, fluid flowing within a flow path extending between the interior of the base tube, through one or more flow ports, and to the outside of the base tube, which receives a flow of fluid with a transverse turbine positioned in the flow path, the transverse turbine including a rotor and a plurality of blades, receiving fluid flow with the plurality of blades, the fluid flow being perpendicular to an axis of rotation of the rotor and in rotation the transverse turbine in response to the reception of the fluid flow, generating electrical energy with a generator, including one or more rotating magnets with the transverse turbine rotation and one or more coil windings mounted on a stand. actor.
[0059] Each of modalities A and B may have one or more of the following additional elements in any combination: Element 1: wherein the fluid is selected from the group consisting of oil, water, gas, steam, a chemical or aqueous liquid, a gravel suspension, an acid, carbon dioxide, cement, any derivative thereof and any combination thereof. Element 2: further comprising a nozzle positioned in the flow path upstream of the transverse turbine. Element 3: where the one or more magnets are positioned on at least one transverse turbine and rotor. Element 4: wherein the generator further comprises one or more electrical conductors extending from one or more coil windings for transmitting electrical power and a power conditioning unit communicably coupled to one or more coil windings for receiving electrical energy through one or more electrical conductors, the power conditioning unit providing a source of energy for one or more loads used in a downhole environment. Element 5: wherein the generator further comprises one or more electrical conductors that extend to supply electrical energy directly to one or more loads. Element 6: in which one or more loads are selected from the group consisting of a downhole sensor, a telemetry device, a digital processing circuit, an actuatable choke, and an actuated valve. Element 7: in which the generator is selected from the group consisting of a permanent magnet alternating the current generator, a direct current generator and an alternator. Element 8: where the transverse turbine is selected from the group consisting of a cross-flow turbine, a water wheel turbine, a Pelton wheel turbine, a Turgo turbine, a Francis turbine and a Jonval turbine. Element 9: further comprising a sand screen disposed over the base tube, the flow path extending further through the sand screen. Element 10: wherein the base pipe is production piping and the system also comprises a completion string positioned within the wellbore adjacent to the underground formation and defining one or more completion string flow ports, wherein the production piping is arranged within the completion column and a sand screen is arranged over the completion column, the flow path extending further through the sand screen and through one or more flow ports of the completion column.
[0060] Element 11: wherein the flow of fluid within the flow path comprises flowing fluid from the interior of the base tube, through the transverse turbine, and out of the base tube. Element 12: wherein the flow of fluid within the flow path comprises flowing fluid from the outside of the base tube, through the transverse turbine, and into the base tube. Element 13: which further comprises increasing the kinetic energy of the fluid flow with a nozzle positioned in the flow path upstream of the transverse turbine. Element 14: transmits electrical power to a power conditioning unit with one or more electrical conductors extending from one or more coil windings and providing a power supply to one or more loads used in an environment at the bottom of the well with the power conditioning unit, wherein the one or more loads are selected from the group consisting of a downhole sensor, a telemetry device, a digital processing circuit, an actuatable choke and an actuated valve . Element 15: which further comprises the transmission of electrical energy to one or more loads with one or more electrical conductors extending from the one or more coil windings, the one or more loads to be selected from the group consisting of a downhole sensor, a telemetry device, a digital processing circuit, an actuated choke, and an actuated valve. Element 16: wherein a sand screen is arranged around the base tube and wherein the flow of fluid within the flow path further comprises flowing fluid through the sand screen. Element 17: wherein the base pipe is production piping disposed within a completion string positioned within the wellbore adjacent to the underground formation, the completion string defining one or more completion string flow ports and having a sand screen provided, wherein the flow of fluid within the flow path further comprises flowing fluid through the sand screen and through one or more flow ports of the completion column. Element 18: wherein the fluid is selected from the group consisting of oil, water, gas, steam, a liquid or aqueous chemical, a gravel suspension, an acid, carbon dioxide, a cement, any derivative thereof, and any combination thereof.
[0061] By way of non-limiting example, examples of combinations applicable to A, B, C include: Element 3 with Element 4; Element 5 and Element 6; Element 9 with Element 10; Element 11 and Element 13; and Element 12 and Element 13.
[0062] Therefore, the systems and methods disclosed are well adapted to achieve the aforementioned purposes and advantages, as well as those inherent to them. The specific embodiments disclosed above are illustrative only, as the teachings of the present disclosure may be modified and practiced in different, but equivalent ways, apparent to those skilled in the art with the benefit of the teachings of this document. Furthermore, no limitations are intended on the construction or design details shown in this document, other than those described in the claims below. It is therefore evident that the specific illustrative embodiments disclosed above may be altered, combined or modified and all such variations are considered within the scope of the present disclosure. The systems and methods illustratively disclosed herein may suitably be practiced in the absence of any element not specifically disclosed herein and/or any optional element disclosed herein. While compositions and methods are described in terms of "comprising", "containing" or "including" various components or steps, compositions and methods may also "consist essentially of" or "consist of" multiple components and steps. All numbers and ranges disclosed above may vary by some amount. Whenever a numerical range with a lower limit and an upper limit is disclosed, any number and any included range that falls within the range are specifically disclosed. In particular, every range of values (of the form, "from about aa to about b" or, equivalently, "from approximately aab", or, equivalently, "from approximately ab") disclosed in this document is to be understood as establishing every number and range encompassed within the wider range of values. Furthermore, the terms in the claims have their plain and ordinary meaning unless explicitly and clearly defined otherwise by the patent holder. Furthermore, the indefinite articles "a" or "an" as used in the claims are defined herein to mean one or more than one of the elements which it introduces. If there is any conflict in the uses of a word or term in this specification and in one or more patents or other documents that may be incorporated herein by reference, definitions that are consistent with this specification shall be adopted.
[0063] As used in this document, the phrase "at least one of" preceding a series of articles, with the terms "and" or "or" to separate any of the items, modifies the list as a whole rather than each list member (ie each item). The phrase "at least one of" permits a meaning that includes at least one of any of the items and/or at least one of any combination of the items and/or at least one of each of the items. By way of example, the phrases "at least one of A, B and C" or "at least one of A, B or C" each refer to only A, only B or only C; any combination of A, B and C; and/or at least one of each of A, B and C.

权利要求:
Claims (20)
[0001]
1. Well system, characterized in that it comprises: - a base tube (702) having an interior (706), an exterior and one or more flow ports (704) defined through the base tube (702) to facilitate fluid communication between the interior and exterior, the base tube (702) being positionable within a wellbore adjacent to an underground formation (110); - a turbine housing operatively coupled to the base tube (702) and at least partially defining a flow path (714) for a fluid extending between the inside (706) and the outside of the base tube (702) and through the turbine housing; - a turbine positioned transversely in the turbine housing and arranged in the flow path (714), the transverse turbine (718) including a rotor and a plurality of blades positioned to receive a fluid flow (710) which is against the rotor and perpendicular to an axis of rotation (724) of the rotor, the turbine housing having an inlet and an outlet crossing the axis of rotation (724) and on opposite sides of the transverse turbine (718); and - a generator (720), including one or more rotating magnets with the rotation of the transverse turbine (718) and one or more coil windings mounted on a stator, whereby the fluid flow causes the transverse turbine (718) to rotate and rotation of the transverse turbine (718) generates electrical energy in the generator (720).
[0002]
2. Well system according to claim 1, characterized in that the fluid is selected from the group consisting of oil, water, gas, steam, a liquid or aqueous chemical, a gravel suspension, an acid, carbon dioxide, cement, any derivative thereof and any combination thereof.
[0003]
3. Well system, according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a nozzle (722) positioned in the flow path (714) upstream of the transverse turbine (718).
[0004]
4. Well system, according to claim 1, characterized in that one or more magnets are positioned in at least one turbine and transverse rotor.
[0005]
5. Well system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the generator (720) further comprises: - one or more electrical conductors (727) that extend from one or more coil windings to transmit electrical energy ; and - a power conditioning unit (726) communicably coupled to one or more coil windings for receiving electrical power through one or more electrical conductors (727), the power conditioning unit (726) providing a power source to one or more loads used in a downhole environment.
[0006]
6. Well system, according to claim 5, characterized in that one or more loads are selected from the group consisting of a downhole sensor, a telemetry device, a digital processing circuit, a choke actionable valve and an actionable valve.
[0007]
7. Well system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the generator (720) further comprises one or more electrical conductors (727) that extend to supply electrical energy directly to one or more loads.
[0008]
8. Well system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the generator (720) is selected from the group consisting of a permanent magnet that alternates the current generator, a direct current generator and an alternator.
[0009]
9. Well system according to claim 1, characterized in that the transverse turbine (718) is selected from the group consisting of a cross-flow turbine, a water wheel turbine, a Pelton turbine, a Turgo turbine, a Francis turbine and a Jonval turbine.
[0010]
10. A well system, according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a sand screen (708) arranged around the base tube (702), the flow path (714) extending further through the sand screen (708).
[0011]
11. Well system, according to claim 1, characterized in that the base pipe is the production pipe (802) and the well system also comprises: - a completion column (114) positioned inside the well hole adjacent to the underground formation (110) and defining one or more flow ports (704) of the completion column (114), the production pipeline (802) being disposed within the completion column (114); and - a sand screen (708) disposed over the completion column (114), the flow path (714) extending through the sand screen (708) and through one or more flow ports (704) of the column completion (114).
[0012]
12. Method, characterized in that it comprises: - positioning a base tube (702) within a wellbore adjacent to an underground formation (110), the base tube (702) having an interior (706), an exterior and one or more flow ports (704) defined through the base tube (702) to facilitate fluid communication between the interior (706) and the exterior; - flowing a fluid through a flow path (714) at least partially defined by a turbine housing operatively coupled to the base tube (702), the flow path (714) extending between the interior (706) and the outside the base tube (702) and through the turbine housing; - receiving a fluid flow (710) with a transverse turbine (718) positioned in the turbine housing and disposed in the flow path (714), the transverse turbine (718) including a rotor and a plurality of blades; - receiving the fluid flow (710) with the plurality of blades, the fluid flow (710) being against the rotor and perpendicular to an axis of rotation (724) of the rotor, the transverse turbine (718) being positioned between an inlet and an outlet that are crossing the axis of rotation (724) and on opposite sides of the transverse turbine (718); - rotating the transverse turbine (718) in response to receiving fluid flow (710); and - generating electrical energy with a generator (720) including one or more rotating magnets with transverse turbine rotation (718) and one or more coil windings mounted on a stator.
[0013]
13. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the fluid flowing within the flow path (714) comprises the fluid flowing from the interior of the base tube (702), through the transverse turbine (718) , and to the outside of the base tube (702).
[0014]
A method as claimed in claim 12, characterized in that the fluid flow (710) within the flow path (714) comprises flowing fluid from outside the base tube (702) through the transverse turbine (718) ), and into the base tube (702).
[0015]
15. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that it further comprises an increase in the kinetic energy of the fluid flow with a nozzle (722) positioned in the flow path (714) upstream of the transverse turbine (718).
[0016]
16. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that it additionally comprises: - transmitting electrical energy to a power conditioning unit (726) with one or more electrical conductors (727) extending from one or more more coil windings; and - providing a power supply to one or more loads used in a downhole environment with the power conditioning unit (726), one or more loads being selected from the group consisting of a downhole sensor wellhead, a telemetry device, a digital processing circuit, an actuated choke and an actuated valve.
[0017]
17. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that it further comprises transmitting electrical energy to one or more loads with one or more electrical conductors (727) extending from one or more coil windings, the one or more loads to be selected from the group consisting of a downhole sensor, a telemetry device, a digital processing circuit, an actuatable choke, and an actuated valve.
[0018]
18. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that a sand screen (708) is arranged around the base tube (702) and the fluid flow (710) is within the flow path (714). ) further comprises flowing the fluid through the sand screen (708).
[0019]
19. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the base tube (702) is the production pipeline (802) arranged inside a completion column (114) positioned inside the well hole adjacent to the underground formation (110), the completion column (114) defining one or more completion column (114) flow ports (704) and having a sand screen (708) disposed, whereby the fluid flow within the flow path (714) further comprises flowing the fluid through the sand screen (708) and through one or more flow ports (704) of the completion column (114).
[0020]
20. Method according to claim 12, characterized in that the fluid is selected from the group consisting of oil, water, gas, steam, a liquid or aqueous chemical, a gravel suspension, an acid, carbon dioxide carbon, cement, any derivative thereof and any combination thereof.

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NO20170277A1|2017-02-27|

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法律状态:
2018-07-17| B08F| Application dismissed because of non-payment of annual fees [chapter 8.6 patent gazette]|

2018-09-25| B08H| Application fees: decision cancelled [chapter 8.8 patent gazette]|Free format text: ANULADA A PUBLICACAO CODIGO 8.6 NA RPI NO 2480 DE 17/07/2018 POR TER SIDO INDEVIDA. |

2018-10-02| B08F| Application dismissed because of non-payment of annual fees [chapter 8.6 patent gazette]|Free format text: REFERENTE 3A. ANUIDADE. |

2018-10-09| B08G| Application fees: restoration [chapter 8.7 patent gazette]|

2020-05-05| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

2021-11-16| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

2022-01-18| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted [chapter 16.1 patent gazette]|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 19/09/2014, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

PCT/US2014/056428|WO2016043762A1|2014-09-19|2014-09-19|Transverse flow downhole power generator|

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